India is the world's largest producer of papaya (Carica papaya), also known as papaw or pawpaw, contributing over 40% of global output with around 3 million tonnes annually. Cultivated extensively across states like Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Gujarat, Odisha, West Bengal, and Maharashtra, the crop thrives in warm tropical and subtropical climates with temperatures ideally between 25°C and 38°C, yields fruits within a year, and offers high economic returns for farmers. Papaya is a nutritious food rich in fiber, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Papaya trees are frequently cut down or removed by farmers in India to stop the spread of the destructive Papaya Ringspot Virus (PRSV). Cutting down sick trees prevents the virus from jumping to neighboring healthy crops in the orchard. In a papaya cultivation field, many papaya fruits hang; a farmer inspects the growth of the papaya; organic fertilizer is stockpiled, while a nearby plot of land has been cut down—fruit and all—due to PRSV infection in Tehatta, West Bengal, India, on August 27, 2026.
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